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Section I Vocabulary （10 points ）
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1
1. It’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected _________ not by systematic inspections or other security procedures.
A. by accident B. on schedule C. in general D. at intervals
2. You can always ______ Jim in a crisis, for he is simply the most helpful person I’ve ever known.
A. refer to B. count on C. cope with D. run into
3. In calculating the daily calorie requirements for an individual, variations in body size, physical activity and age should be _____.
A. brought into practice B. taken into account
C. thrown light on D. looked down upon
4. He might have been killed ______ the arrival of the police.
|
A. except for |
B. but for |
C. with |
D. for |
5. These figures are not consistent ______ the results obtained in previous experiments.
|
A. to |
B. with |
C. for |
D. in |
6. In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, ______ schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.
|
A. compelling |
B. forced |
C. obliged |
D. compulsory |
7. We are ______ faced with the necessity to recognize that having more people implies a lower standard of living.
|
A. readily |
B. smoothly |
C. inevitably |
D. deliberately |
8. It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased ______ one quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1850.
|
A. to |
B. by |
C. at |
D. with |
9. During the conference the speaker tried to ______ his feelings concerning the urgency of a favorable decision.
|
A. comply |
B. impose |
C. imply |
D. convey |
10. We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to ______.
|
A. ascend |
B. descend |
C. decline |
D. plunge |
11. Competition, they believe, ______ the national character rather than corrupt it.
|
A. enforces |
B. confirms |
C. intensifies |
D. strengthens |
12. On weekends my grandma usually ______ a glass of wine.
|
A. subscribes to |
B. engages in |
C. hangs on |
D. indulges in |
13. They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, but still could not make ______ of them.
|
A. impression |
B. comprehension |
C. meaning |
D. sense |
14. In the meantime, the question facing business is whether such research is ______ the costs.
|
A. worth |
B. worth of |
C. worthy |
D. worthwhile |
15. During the nineteen years of his career, France Battiate has won the ______ of a wide audience outside Italy.
|
A. enjoyment |
B. appreciation |
C. evaluation |
D. reputation |
16.In accordance with the laws of this country, his eldest daughter was the main _____________when he died.
A. benefit B. payer C. document D. beneficiary
17. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the ______ majority are inactive.
|
A. tremendous |
B. demanding |
C. intensive |
D. overwhelming |
18. He is holding a ______ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.
|
A. subordinate |
B. succeeding |
C. successive |
D. subsequent |
19. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ______.
|
A. scarcity |
B. minority |
C. minimum |
D. shortage |
20. The joys of travel, having long ______ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.
|
A. omitted |
B. missed |
C. neglected |
D. discarded |
Section II Cloze ( 10 points )
Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked
A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The task of being accepted and enrolled（招收）in a university begins early for some students. Long 21 they graduate from high school. These Students take special 22 to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test how 23
prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they 24 application and send them, with their student records, to the universities which they hope to 25 . Some high school students may be 26 to have an interview with representatives of the university. Neatly 27 , and usually very frightened, they are 28 to show that they have a good attitude and the 29 to succeed.
When the new students are finally 30 , there may be one more step they have to 31
before registering for classes and 32 to work. Many colleges and universities 33 an orientation（情况介绍）program for new students. 34 these programs, the young people get to know the 35 for registration and student advising, university rules, the 36 of the library and all the other 37 services of the college or university.
Beginning a new life in a new place can be very 38 . The more knowledge students have 39 the school, the easier it will be for them to 40 to the new environment. However, it takes time to get used to college life. ( 240 )
21. A. as B. after C. since D. before
22. A. courses B. disciplines C. majors D. subjects
23. A. deeply B. widely C. well D. much
24. A. fulfill B. finish C. complete D. accomplish
25. A. attend B. participate C. study D. belong
26. A. acquired B. considered C. ordered D. required
27. A. decorated B. dressed C. coated D. worn
28. A. decided B. intended C. settled D. determined
29. A. power B. ability C. possibility D. quality
30. A. adopted B. accepted C. received D. permitted
31. A. make B. undergo C. take D. pass
32. A. getting B. putting C. falling D. sitting
33. A. offer B. afford C. grant D. supply
34. A. For B. Among C. In D. On
35. A. processes B. procedures C. projects D. provisions
36. A. application B. usage C. use D. utility
37. A. major B. prominent C. key D. great
38. A. amusing B. misleading C. alarming D. confusing
39. A. before B. about C. on D. at
40. A. fit B. suit C. yield D. adapt
Section III Reading Comprehension ( 40 points )
Directions: Read the following passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing
A. B. C. or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.
Passage 1
The market system has evolved naturally through the history of humanity' s quest to satisfy its needs. In the simplest terms, a market is the interaction of supply and demand, the buying and selling of goods and services by individuals and businesses in an attempt to satisfy their own economic wants. A market, then, involves decision—making not by one central authority but by many individuals, each of whom is guided by the quest not for the common good but for his own good. Consumers decide what to buy. Firms decide what goods to produce or what services to render （提供） in order to satisfy that demand. Individuals decide whether to offer their skills in the job market. And they decide what skills to acquire in the first place, through training and education.
It is true that in making these choices, there are certain Constraints (限制) —personal abilities, material resources, concern for or dependence on other people. Nevertheless, in a market system no superior authority plans our actions or charts (f指定…计划) our desires. It is up to the individual to make choices.
Similarly, a firm may decide to manufacture a certain product if it expects a profit, or it may opt(选择 ) to produce something else, in anticipation (期望) of an even greater profit. In either case, consumer tastes and the producer’s desire for profit are manifestations（表现）of the human self-interest that underlies all economic activity in a market system. Consumers seek to maximize their own satisfaction in buying products and services, and producers to maximize their own profits in offering them.
Underlying these choices by consumers and producers are the prices of goods, services, and resources, and underlying these prices are the very same choices. In a market system, prices are affected by the choices of all those in the system and these choices are affected by prices. A market system, therefore, is one in which decisions are decentralized but interdependent. （343 ）
41. In a market system, it is the ____.
A. individuals who decide what to buy and what to produce
B. prices that determine what to produce and what to buy
C. central authority that commands what to produce
D. interaction of supply and demand that determines what to produce
42. The first paragraph suggests that ____.
A. people are all guided by the quest for their common interests
B. the law of supply and demand dominates the market system
C. a market includes decision-making by the central authority and by individuals
D. the market system allows individuals large amounts of freedom
43. It can be concluded from the third paragraph that ____.
A. common good is the end of any manufacturer
B. the incentive for a firm to produce a new and better product is a greater economic profit
C. business firms are free to produce whatever they want in any way they wish
D. changes in the tastes of consumers are not reflected in changes in consumer demand for products and services
44. The word "opt" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. adopt B. decide C. change D. manage
45. The best title for this passage is ______.
A. What Is A Market? B. How Does the Market System Work?
C. What to Produce? D. Buy What?
Passage 2
The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).
Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses (假设) and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited (使不相信). The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.
The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.
Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes—for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.
Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic (抱歉) about ignoring the practical side
of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.
( 403 words )
46. To define science we may simply call it ______.
A. the study of unrelated subjects
B. an attempt to explain natural phenomena
C. the study of unrelated fields
D. classified knowledge
47. Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, ______.
A. may lead to antiscientific, “impure” results is not always as pure as we suppose
B. necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of the cell
C. is not always as pure as we suppose
D. necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell
48. A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach ______.
A. applied science B. agricultural science
C. pure science D. environmental science
49. Which of the following statements does the author imply?
A. Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.
B. Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.
C. In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.
D. Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.
50. The best title for the passage is ______.
A. The Nature of Science and Scientists
B. Biology and the Scientific Age
C. Hypotheses and Theories
D. On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction
Passage 3
Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge（剧增）of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse（反面）of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi－paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rise.
Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.
Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.
Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities. （ 393 words ）
51. The word “portend” (Line 2, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A. defy B.signal
C. suffer from D. result from
52. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, .
A. men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B. more women would get married to seek financial security
C. even working women would worry about their marriages
D. more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
53. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, .
A. they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
B. their husbands are expected to do more housework
C. their marriage ties can be strengthened
D. they tend to put their career before marriage
54. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that .
A. they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B. they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
C. they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
D. they tend to suspect their husbands’ loyalty to their marriage
55. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s view in the passage?
A. The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.
B. Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.
C. In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.
D. The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.
Passage 4
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “On, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”
If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.
Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. (447 words)
56. To make your humor work, you should __________.
A. take advantage of different kinds of audience.
B. make fun of the disorganized people.
C. address different problems to different people.
D. show sympathy for your listeners.
57. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are __________.
A. impolite to new arrivals.
B. very conscious of their godlike role.
C. entitled to some privileges.
D. very busy even during lunch hours.
58. It can be inferred from the text that public services __________.
A. have benefited many people.
B. are the focus of public attention.
C. are an inappropriate subject for humor.
D. have often been the laughing stock.
59. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered __________.
A. in well-worded language.
B. as awkwardly as possible.
C. in exaggerated statements.
D. as casually as possible.
60. The best title for the text may be __________.
A. Use Humor Effectively.
B. Various Kinds of Humor.
C. Add Humor to Speech.
D. Different Humor Strategies.
Section IV Translation ( 20 points )
Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.
We will adhere to the strategy of expanding domestic consumption and focus on increasing consumption demand and strengthening the role of consumption in fueling economic development. First, we will strive to raise urban and rural incomes. We need to adjust the distribution of incomes, standardize the way income is distributed, and increase the income of people in the lower and middle income brackets. To increase rural incomes, we will continue to pursue the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control. In particular, we need to adopt more measures to give more benefits to farmers. All local governments should make necessary adjustments to the minimum salary system and implement it strictly, and introduce a minimum hourly wage system. We need to gradually solve the problem of low wages for rural migrant workers in cities. We must establish laws and mechanisms for ensuring that wages are paid on time. We will conscientiously implement the revised Individual Income Tax Law and lower the tax burden on low- and middle-income people. This year, the government will appropriately raise basic pension benefits for retired enterprise employees, subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for urban residents. （ 193 ）
Directions: your are to write in no less than 150 words about the topic “Which Is More Important, Academic Degree or One’s Ability?” You should write according to the outline given below. Please remember to write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2
Which Is More Important, Academic Degree or One’s Ability?”
参考答案
Section I Vocabulary and Structure ( 20x0.5= 10 points )
1--5: ABBBB 6--10: DCBDB
11--15: DDDAB 16--20: DDABC
Section II Cloze (20 x 0.5 =10 points)
21-- 25 D A C C A 26—30 D B D B B
31--
Section III Reading Comprehension ( 20x2=40 points )
41--45: A D B B A 46--50: D B C A A
51--55: B D C A D 56—
Section IV Translation ( 5x4 = 20 points )
坚持扩大内需的战略方针，重点是扩大消费需求，增强消费对经济发展的拉动作用。一是努力增加城乡居民收入。要调整收入分配关系，规范收入分配秩序，增加中低收入者的收入。坚持“多予少取放活”，特别要在“多予”上采取更多措施，增加农民收入。各地都要合理调整和严格执行最低工资制度，制定和推行最低小时工资标准。逐步解决农民工工资偏低的问题。建立并完善防止工资拖欠的法规和机制。认真实施修改后的个人所得税法，减轻中低收入者的税负。今年国家将适当提高企业离退休人员基本养老金标准、优抚对象抚恤补助标准、城市居民最低生活保障补助标准。
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